In 1928, Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin, which was followed by the subsequent work of Sir Howard Florey and Ernst Chain in the early 1940s. The golden age of infectious disease management had just begun, or so it wa Read more

Immune tolerance is a fundamental immunological mechanism that enables discrimination between self and non-self antigens, thereby preventing autoimmunity. It is governed by central tolerance—operating in the thymus and bone marrow& Read more

Background: Scarring following surgery continues to represent a considerable clinical and psychological challenge. The Er:ZYAG laser (2,940 nm) provides highly targeted tissue removal at the optimal water absorption wave Read more

Background: Allergic rhinitis most commonly managed medically like nasal corticosteroid application, but with limited compliance, while, surgical techniques as submucosal diathermy may reduce both the duration and the ne Read more

Background: Sensitization to panallergens is associated with allergic multimorbidity and polysensitization. Solanaceae allergens may elicit several allergic endotypes characterized by specific or combined humoral and cellular hypersensit Read more

Introduction and Aim: Pain perception in injured athletes is influenced by both physical injury and psychological factors. Pain  catastrophizing, characterized by rumination, magnification, and feelings of helplessness, Read more

In Morocco, the confluence of globalized beauty standards, social media proliferation, and a growing medical aesthetics market places the general practitioner (GP) at a critical but ill-defined crossroads. This integrative literature review s Read more

Crack cocaine is highly addictive and is produced by the conversion of cocaine, a fine white crystallized powder substance, into a smokable form that could be sold in smaller portions but distributed to more people. The name crack is attribut Read more

Background: Newly married women are particularly vulnerable, as the early years of marriage are marked by strong social pressure to conceive, limited awareness of reproductive health Present study attempts to examine reproduc Read more

Introduction: Obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) and overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) are conditions defined by excessive  accumulation of body fat. Over recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased markedl Read more