Background: Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) is a major protein found in the astrocytic cells of the brain, and it is considered a marker of Alzheimer’s disease. This study aimed to examine the most common co Read more

Background: One of the most deadly illnesses in the world, especially in Iraq, is cancer. In recent years, there has been a discernible increase in the spread of this disease in all its manifestations. It still poses a s Read more

In 1928, Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin, which was followed by the subsequent work of Sir Howard Florey and Ernst Chain in the early 1940s. The golden age of infectious disease management had just begun, or so it wa Read more

Immune tolerance is a fundamental immunological mechanism that enables discrimination between self and non-self antigens, thereby preventing autoimmunity. It is governed by central tolerance—operating in the thymus and bone marrow& Read more

Background: Scarring following surgery continues to represent a considerable clinical and psychological challenge. The Er:ZYAG laser (2,940 nm) provides highly targeted tissue removal at the optimal water absorption wave Read more

Background: Allergic rhinitis most commonly managed medically like nasal corticosteroid application, but with limited compliance, while, surgical techniques as submucosal diathermy may reduce both the duration and the ne Read more

Background: Sensitization to panallergens is associated with allergic multimorbidity and polysensitization. Solanaceae allergens may elicit several allergic endotypes characterized by specific or combined humoral and cellular hypersensit Read more

Introduction and Aim: Pain perception in injured athletes is influenced by both physical injury and psychological factors. Pain  catastrophizing, characterized by rumination, magnification, and feelings of helplessness, Read more

In Morocco, the confluence of globalized beauty standards, social media proliferation, and a growing medical aesthetics market places the general practitioner (GP) at a critical but ill-defined crossroads. This integrative literature review s Read more

Crack cocaine is highly addictive and is produced by the conversion of cocaine, a fine white crystallized powder substance, into a smokable form that could be sold in smaller portions but distributed to more people. The name crack is attribut Read more