Article

Discoid Lupus Erythematosus of the Lip

Abstract

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common type of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, which often presents with mucocutaneous manifestations. Mucosal lesions of DLE are usually found in association with skin lesions. Discoid lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease commonly affecting the areas of skin exposed to the sun. Patients with DLE have high levels of plasmacytoid dendritic cells derived interferon α, which mediates both loss of immune tolerance to self-antigens and exaggerate inflammatory state. Early diagnosis of mucosal DLE may prevent complications like squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) but, requires, a high index of suspicion in patients with lesions on the mucosa. Discoid lesions of the lip usually present as erythematous and/or whitish plaques, with white striations and/or telangiectasia. Photosensitivity and the long‑standing immune mediated chronic inflammation are a trigger for malignant transformation in DLE. Early and timely diagnosis is important in management of DLE.

Keywords: Discoid lupus erythematosus, Lip, Woman, Chronic, Auto-immune