Research Article
Prenatal Transmission of High- Risk HPV 16 And HPV 18 Among Antenatal Mothers In Western Nigeria
- By Felix O. Onoriasakpobare, Oluwaseyi S. Ashaka, Adesuyi A. Omoare, Esther M. Jimah, Bright E Igere, Pauline Omamuyovwe, Kikelomo T. Adesina, Olajide O. Agbede - 12 Sep 2024
- Current Research in Interdisciplinary Studies, Volume: 3, Issue: 4, Pages: 17 - 23
- https://doi.org/10.58614/cris342
- Received: 23 July 2024; Accepted: 29 August 2024; Published: 12 September 2024
Abstract
Several reported evidences do exist that the transmission of human papilloma (HP) viral infection may occur via non-sexual routes while others show the possibility of detecting HP-viral-DNA in reproductive cells, cord blood, and placental cells. However, there is paucity of background information on HP-viral infection transmission among mothers and newborns which necessitates study. The study aims at determining prenatal transmission of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes HPV 16 and HPV 18 among antenatal mothers and maternal cervical cells in Western Nigeria. We investigated 113 pregnant women from whom cervical samples were collected during the antenatal clinic and their newborns at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital. HP-viral screening, DNA extraction and molecular detection was carried out using MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+ consensus primers while HP-viral high risk genotypes were detected using type-specific primers. HP-viral DNA was detected among 54 (47.8%) cord blood samples and 11 (9.7%) cervical specimens with nine specimens from mothers while newborns samples showed a corresponding HP-viral-DNA results. The genotypic characterization/identification of HP-virus type 16 and 18 from both specimens showed an overall prevalence of 15.0% (7/113) for HPV 16 and 8.0% (9/113) for HPV-18, while only three specimens from corresponding mothers and newborns had HPV-16. Such observation indicates/suggests that mothers are the most probable transmission source of HP-viral-DNA to newborns. Furthermore, the presence of HPV-16 (a high-risk genotype) could portend HP-viral diseases in newborns. In order to avoid transmission during pregnancy, routine monitoring and surveillance are advised for mothers-to-be and those who have recently given birth. HPV vaccinations are required during family planning prior to pregnancy.