Research Article

Ebola Virus Disease (Evd): Nigeria Perspective

Abstract

The deadly but uncommon Ebola virus disease affects both humans and primates (EVD). The Ebola virus causes a severe form of  hemorrhagic fever in which the victim’s blood clots abnormally, leading to internal bleeding. After initial contact with the virus, "dry" symptoms such as fever, aches and pains, and exhaustion typically appear, followed by "wet" symptoms such as diarrhoea and vomiting anywhere from two to twenty-one days (on average, eight to ten) later Virologists believe Laupland and Valiquette are hosting the virus. It is believed that the onlyway for the Ebola virus to spread is through direct contact between people and blood or other body fluids from a person showing symptoms of the disease. Saliva, mucus, vomit, faeces, tears, perspiration, breast milk, urine, and sperm all contain the Ebola virus. The term "spillover" is used to describe the zoonotic spread of the Ebola virus from infected hosts like the fruit bat or nonhuman primates to other animals. The Ebola virus is amember of the viral family known as Filoviridae in the order of Mononegavirales the Marburg virus is also. Ebola virus infection can be diagnosed through a variety of techniques, including electron microscopy, antigen-capture detection tests, serum neutralisation tests, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays, antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and virus isolation through cell culture. The term "Ebola vaccine" refers to both already available and planned vaccines against the virus. Only Zaire ebolavirus and rVSV-ZEBOV vaccines are effective against this disease. Treatment that is purely supportive, such as relieving patients of their symptoms and giving them water orally or intravenously, does not improve prognosis. This research intends to give Nigerians an up-to-date picture of the spread of EVD in the country in the wake of the recent pandemic in neighbouring Uganda.