Research Article

Molecular Detection of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Evaluation of Interleukin-4 as an Immune Marker

Abstract

Background: A type 2 cytokine called interleukin (IL-4) donates negatively to immunoregulatory responses in humans. Amplified synthesis of IL-10 is facilitated by IL-4, which also constrains interferon-γ production. Doubt surroundings IL-4’s impact on lymphocytes’ proliferative response, though. In individuals with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, we have previously found an increase in IL-4 manufacture. This study aims to enhance the molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori infection by incorporating a focused evaluation of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) expression. Through this combined approach, we seek to improve diagnostic accuracy while gaining insight into the immune response dynamics associated with the infection. Material and method: Between September 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 at the community hospital and numerous private clinics in Al-Najaf province. The study included 100 samples collected from patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms, 50 men and 50 women spanning 15-85 years of age (50 patients and 50 healthy controls). Results: The current study includes 100 samples, gastric patient= 50 (50%), and Control = 50 (50%). The research found that gastric patients were 34 (68%) gave positive result while the 16 (32%) were gave negative result for detecting H. pylori by Rapid urease test among all 50 patients using one step test. Following 16SrRNA detection by PCR, the study discovered that 40 (80%) of the positive gastric patients and 10 (20%) of the negative patients were found. In addition, this research found that the concentration of Interleukin (IL)-4 in H. pylori infected patients increase significantly(P< 0.05) than healthy control.