Research Article

Sociodemographics-Based Assessment on Urine Albumin-To- Creatinine Ratio And Creatinine Levels Among Kidney Disease Patients At Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria

Abstract

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and creatinine levels are essential biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring kidney function. Understanding sociodemographic influences on these biomarkers can guide preventive and treatment strategies for kidney disease, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. This study investigated the impact of sociodemographic factors, specifically age and gender, on UACR and creatinine levels among patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 39 kidney disease patients (37 geriatric and 2 pediatric) at FMC Owerri. Blood and urine samples were collected and analyzed using the Jaffe method for creatinine and bromocresol green (BCG) for albumin. Statistical analyses included T-tests and ANOVA, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. The study found significant differences (p < 0.05) in UACR levels across age groups, with the highest levels in the youngest age group (≤ 20 years) but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in UACR levels between genders. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in creatinine levels were observed across age groups or between genders. This study has shown that age but not gender impacts on UACR level in patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri. In addition, age and gender did not have any significant impact on creatinine levels in kidney disease patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital, Owerri.